診斷
病史結合病原學檢查可作早期診斷，一般以腦脊液或病灶（皮膚、角膜)涂片染色或接種到瓊脂培養(yǎng)基（45 ℃，3～5天)觀察阿米巴。尸體解剖可作腦病理切片確診。
left. Naegleria trophozoites in brain. The nucleoli appear as darkly stained dots in the cytoplasm of the trophozoites. H and E. ×800. Enlarged by 5.4.
right. Naegleria infection is generally associated with haemorrhage in the brain. In the center are trophozoites surrounded with such haemorrhagic areas. H and E. ×400. Enlarged by 5.4.
Naegleria trophozoites in brain showing ingested red cells. H and E. ×1000. Enlarged by 5.4.
耐格里屬阿米巴病人腦組織切片
防治原則
目前尚無理想的藥物，兩性霉素B對福氏耐格里阿米巴病有效，國外已有治療成功的病例；磺胺嘧啶，慶大霉素對棘阿米巴病有效，但病死率仍然極高。對于棘阿米巴角膜炎，施行角膜移植雖可治愈大部分病例，但術后常有復發(fā)，故術前應給予抗阿米巴藥物治療。
應避免在不流動的或溫熱的水中游泳，加強水源（包括游泳池水)的管理。
