第一、句子可以拆分為三段：
Interest in historical methods has arisen / less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline / and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.
第二、句子的結構
1)主干結構是一個簡單句：Interest has arisen less through ...and more from.。.
2)并列狀語less through ...and more from的翻譯是關鍵，through和from意思完全相同，表示原因，直譯為：比較少的是因為……，更多的原因是……
3)challenge后面的不定式短語to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline是它的定語，直譯對歷史作為一門學科的正確性提出異議，internal quarrels后面的介詞短語among historians themselves作quarrels的定語。
第三、詞的處理：
Interest in historical methods 對歷史方法的關注(興趣)
arisen 來自于，產(chǎn)生于challenge質(zhì)疑，挑戰(zhàn)
validity 真實性，正確性as an intellectual discipline作為一門學問(一個學科領域)
internal quarrels 內(nèi)部意見不統(tǒng)一，內(nèi)部分歧
參考譯文：
人們之所以關注歷史研究的方法論，主要是因為史學界內(nèi)部意見不一，其次是因為外界并不認為歷史是一門學問。
句子五：
During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional
methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study。
句子分析：
第一、句子可以拆分為三段：
During this transfer, / traditional historical methods were augmented / by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.
第二、句子的結構：
1)主干結構是一個被動語態(tài)的簡單句：...methods were augmented by.。.
2)過去分詞短語designed to.。.作句子賓語methodologies的定語。
第三、詞的處理：
transfer 轉變
augmented 充實，補充
additional methodologies 新方法 designed to用來
interpret 闡釋，解釋，說明
the new forms of evidence 新的證據(jù)形式，根據(jù)上下文意思引申為在歷史學研究中的新史料。
