Abdominal Paracentesis

腹腔穿刺

DEFINITION

定義

The aspiration of fluid from the peritoneal cavity.

抽取腹腔內(nèi)液體

PURPOSE

目的

• To obtain specimens of peritoneal fluid for bacteriological/cytological examinations.
• To administer drugs, e.g. cytotoxic drugs.
• To relieve abdominal pressure in ascites.

• 獲取腹水標(biāo)本進行細菌學(xué)和細胞學(xué)檢查
• 給藥，如細胞毒類藥物
• 減輕腹水病人腹壓

REQUISITES (STERILE PROCEDURE)

無菌操作用品

1. Sterile pack containing:

• Thermoplastic tray
• Forceps, sponge holding
• Forceps, non-toothed dissecting
• Forceps, tooth-dissecting
• Scissors, dressing
• Kidney dish
• Syringe – 5 ml，20 ml
• 3-way adaptor with rubber tubing
• Hypodermic needles
• Wool swabs
• Gauze
• Pad
• Dressing towels
• Cannula needle with stilette of appropriate size.
• Tubing set

1. 無菌包：

• 　熱塑盤
• 　海綿夾
• 　普通無齒解剖鑷子
• 　有齒解剖鑷子
• 敷料剪
• 彎盆
• 5、20毫升注射器
• 橡皮管及三通接頭
• 皮下針
• 棉簽
• 紗布
• 墊圈
• 敷料巾
• 針管及管心針
• 輸液管

1. Sterile glove pack
2. Gown
3. Antiseptic lotions
4. Local anaesthetic agent
5. Atraumatic silk suture 3/0
6. Protective material
7. Specimen bottles
8. Measuring jug
9. Occlusive dressing
10. Receptacle
11. Disposable bag
12. Sterile dressing bottle, if necessary

1. 無菌手套
2. 工作服
3. 殺菌劑
4. 局部麻醉劑
5. 無創(chuàng)絲線
6. 防護材料
7. 標(biāo)本瓶
8. 量杯
9. 封閉敷料
10. 廢物容器
11. 一次性袋子
12. 無菌敷料瓶（如有必要)

Implementation

實施

1. Weigh the patient and measure his abdominal girth.

2. Shave (if necessary) and clean the abdominal area.

3. Instruct the patient to empty his bladder.

4. Assist the patient to sit upright if his condition permits. The patient must be well supported. 醫(yī)學(xué)全在.線提供

1、稱體重、量腹圍

2、備皮，清潔腹部

3、囑病人排便

4、如病人身體許可，協(xié)助病人端坐、靠穩(wěn)

5. Take and record pulse and respiration.

6. Assist the doctor in the performance of abdominal paracentesis.

7. The doctor will perform the following:

• a. Clean the area with antiseptic solution
• b. Drape the abdominal area with sterile towels
• c. Inject local anaesthetic agent

5、量脈搏及呼吸并記錄

6、協(xié)助醫(yī)生行腹腔穿刺

7、醫(yī)生：

• a. 部位清潔消毒
• b. 無茵巾腹部鋪巾
• c. 注射局部麻醉劑

• d. Insert the cannula with stilette. Withdraw the stilette.
• e. Aspirate the fluid slowly using a 20 ml syringe and an adaptor. (Usually 500-1000ml is withdrawn at one time.)
• f. Pinch and remove the cannula when the required amount of fluid has been withdrawn.
• g. Clean the site and apply occlusive dressing.
• h. Maintain pressure over the puncture site with a pressure dressing.

• d. 插入管針套管，抽出管針
• e. 用20毫升注射器和適配器慢慢抽出體液，通常一次抽500－1000毫升
• f. 抽足所需液體，捏住并取出套管
• g. 清潔部位，敷上封閉敷料
• h. 用加壓敷裹壓在穿刺部位

8. Nurse the patient in a comfortable position.

9. Record and report the following:

• a. Vital signs.
• b. Nature and amount of fluid withdrawn.
• c. Leakage of peritoneal fluid from puncture site.

8、病人取合適體位，實施護理

9、記錄并報告：

• a. 生命體征
• b. 所抽液體性質(zhì)及數(shù)量
• c. 穿刺部位腹膜液滲漏

10. Dispatch the specimens to the laboratory.

11. Decontaminate articles.

12. Check the patient’s weight to assess the effectiveness of (when condition permits) the treatment and his abdominal girth, if necessary.

10、標(biāo)本送化驗室

11、清潔器械

12、必要時，檢查病人體重，評估治療效果及腹圍