動名詞的邏輯主語,表明動名詞動作的發(fā)出者醫(yī)學(xué)全在線zxtf.net.cn。能作動名詞邏輯主語的詞類有:物主代詞、名詞所有格(即名詞所加“’s”,復(fù)數(shù)名詞后以“s”結(jié)尾的,在其后加“’”)、名詞通格(主格)或人稱代詞賓格。
例句: Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free, owing to its always being combined with other elements,most commonly with oxygen. (1997年第2題)
分析: 該句是簡單句。nowhere置于句首引起倒裝,owing to...在句中作狀語。
譯文: 自然界中的任何地方都找不到游離態(tài)的鋁,因?yàn)樗偸桥c其他元素,即最常見的是氧元素結(jié)合在一起。
注意:
(1) 當(dāng)邏輯主語是無生命名詞或較長名詞詞組時,通常用名詞通格(即主格)。
例句: Anyone with half an eye on the unemployment figures knew that the assertion about economic recovery being just around the corner was untrue.(1999年第1題)
分析: 該句是復(fù)合句。其中動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)economic recovery being just around the corner在句中作介詞about的賓語,economic recovery作動名詞being的邏輯主語,介詞短語with half an eye on the unemployment figures作定語修飾anyone。
譯文: 任何人只要一看這些失業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)便知關(guān)于經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇即將來臨的言論是不正確的。
例句: I don’t like Jack and Tom speaking ill of each other in public places.
分析: 該句是簡單句。Jack and Tom作speaking ill的邏輯主語。
譯文: 我不愿聽到杰克和湯姆在公眾場合說彼此壞話。
(2) 當(dāng)邏輯主語是someone, somebody, none, nobody, anyone, anybody等不定代詞或this醫(yī)學(xué)全在線zxtf.net.cn,that指示代詞時,通常用名詞通格(即主格)。
例句: Just when I was going to sleep, I was awakened by somebody knocking on the door.
分析: 該句是復(fù)合句。somebody作動名詞knocking的邏輯主語。
譯文: 我正要入睡時,有人敲門吵醒了我。
例句: I disapproved of that being said about the teacher, for he has his own good point.
分析: 該句是并列句。指示代詞that作動名詞being said的邏輯主語。
譯文: 我不同意對老師那樣的評價,因?yàn)樗灿兴膬?yōu)點(diǎn)。
(3) 當(dāng)動名詞在句中作主語時,邏輯主語用屬格(即物主代詞或名詞所有格)。
例句: The student’s knowing French well helped him a lot in learning English.
譯文: 掌握法語對于學(xué)習(xí)英語有很大的幫助。