第十三章 輔助檢查[Diagnostic examination]
1、X線檢查[X-ray examination]
(1)肺[lung]
•clear[清晰]
•enlargement of hilar shadows[肺門陰影增大]
•increase of lung markings[肺紋理增粗]
•calcified[鈣化灶]
•cavitation[空洞]
•circular lesion (coin lesion)[球形病灶]
•a minimal area of density[小塊陰影區(qū)]
•scattered spot(plaque-like) shadows[散在的點（片)狀陰影]
•a poorly defined patchy density[邊界不清的片狀陰影]
•a round density[圓形致密影]
•pleural thickening[胸膜增厚]
•hazziness(blunting, obliteration) of the costophrenic angle[肋隔角模糊（變鈍、消失)]
•elevation of diaphragm with limitation of movement[橫膈抬高、活動受限]
•encapsulated pleural effusion[包裹性胸腔積液]
•hydropneumothorax[液氣胸]
•mediastinal displacement[縱膈移位]
•hilar haze[肺門模糊]
•increase of pulmonary hilar density[肺門密度增高]
•pulmonary venous stasis(infarction)[肺淤血（梗塞)]
•shadow[陰影性狀]
•hazziness[淡的]
•clouding[云霧狀]
•diffuse[彌漫的]
•veiling[面紗樣]
•streaky[線狀]
•patcky[絮狀]
•nodular[結節(jié)狀]
•massive[塊狀]
•miliary[粟粒狀]
•confluent[融合狀]
•homogeneous[均勻的]
(2)心臟[heart]
•left(right) atrial (ventricular) enlargement[左（右)房（室)增大]
•a tortuous and prolonged aorta[主動脈屈曲延長]
•“aortic type”(“mitral valve”)heart [主動脈型（二尖瓣型)心臟]
•bulging pulmonary artery segment[肺動脈段突出]
•a dilatation of the pulmonary artery[肺動脈擴張]
•general enlargement of the heart shadow[心影普遍增大]
•left(right) ventricular enlargement[左（右)心室增大]
•left(right) atrial dilatation[左（右)心房增大]
•boot-shaped heart[靴型心臟]
•calcification of aorta[主動脈鈣化]
•waist of heart[心腰部]
•vertical (slender; asthenic;horizontal;oblique)heart[垂位（狹長型；無力型；橫位；斜位)心]
(3)腹部平片[KUB film]
•calculus[結石]
•calcified shadow[鈣化影]
•fluid levels with stepladder pattern[階梯型液平]
•gas-fluid level[液氣平面]
•subphrenic free air[膈下游離氣體]
(4)胃腸道鋇劑檢查[barium enema examination]
•gastroenterography[胃腸造影]
•double contrast radiography[雙重對比造影]
•es•ophageal peristalsis sign[食管蠕動征]
•duodenal flexure(impression)[十二指腸曲（壓跡)]
•mucosal fold shadow of small intestine[小腸粘膜皺襞影]
•peristalsis and empting signs of colon[結腸蠕動與排空征]
•delayed gastric emptying time[胃排空時間延長]
•fasting retention of stomach[胃空腹潴留液]
•filling defect[充盈缺損]
•disappearance of the mucosal folds[粘膜皺襞消失]
•hypotonicity (hypertonicity)[張力減低（增高)]
•irritable cap[球部激惹現(xiàn)象]醫(yī)學.全.在線.網.站.提供
•vigorous peristaltic activity( hyperperistalsis)[蠕動增強]
•bradydiastalsis[蠕動減弱]
•hypernakinesia[蠕動消失]
•accelerated(reduced) evacuation[排空加快（減緩)]
•skipping phenomenon[跳躍現(xiàn)象]
•broadened and tortuous mucosal fold[粘膜增寬和迂曲]
•flat mucosal fold[粘膜皺襞平坦]
(5)膽道[bile tract]
•oral cholecystography[口服膽囊造影]
•intravenous cholecysto-cholangiography[靜脈膽管膽囊造影]
•trans-T-tube cholecystography[經T形管膽囊造影]
•percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography(PTC)[經皮肝穿刺膽管造影]
•dilated common duct[膽總管擴張]
•gallblader concentrated satisfactorily[膽囊濃縮功能良好]
•gallbladder with faint shadow, concentrated inadequately[膽囊顯影不好，濃縮功能差]
•contractibility[收縮功能]
